As news of the passing of Silvio Berlusconi reverberates across the globe, it behoves us to reflect upon the legacy left by the former Italian Prime Minister, not only within the bounds of Europe but beyond its shores, particularly within the African continent. Berlusconi, a man whose tenure at the helm of Italy was often shrouded in controversy, maintained a substantial and multifaceted rapport with Africa. As Italy’s longest-serving post-war Prime Minister, his political trajectory encompassed distinct intersections with the African continent.
Economic Ties and Investments
Berlusconi’s Italy played a significant role in bolstering the economies of several African nations. During his tenure, Italian companies vigorously invested in African infrastructure, telecommunications, and energy sectors. ENI, the Italian oil giant, for instance, heavily engaged in oil exploration and production activities in Nigeria, Angola, and Congo. These investments, often accompanied by capacity-building initiatives, fostered economic growth and were integral to securing much-needed foreign investment for African nations.
Migration Policies
On the thorny issue of migration, Berlusconi’s tenure was marked by a dichotomy. His hard-line approach towards illegal immigration received condemnation from human rights advocates. Notably, in 2009, the Berlusconi-led government endorsed a policy which allowed for the interception of migrants on the Mediterranean and their forcible return to Libya. This measure was criticised for bypassing international asylum laws.
However, during his leadership, Italy also welcomed a significant number of African immigrants. Italy’s proximity to North Africa made it a natural destination for many Africans seeking better opportunities, and this phenomenon necessitated robust dialogue between Italy and African countries, with Berlusconi at the forefront.
Diplomatic Engagements
Berlusconi’s diplomatic engagements with Africa were variegated. He was instrumental in the release of the Bulgarian nurses imprisoned in Libya in 2007, by leveraging Italy’s historical ties with Libya. On the other hand, he faced criticism for his close relationship with the then Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi.
Moreover, under Berlusconi’s stewardship, Italy contributed troops and resources to peacekeeping missions in Africa. The Italian military involvement in Somalia and the wider Horn of Africa region reflected Italy’s commitment to fostering stability on the continent.
Humanitarian Aid and Development
Italy, under Berlusconi’s leadership, was committed to humanitarian causes in Africa. Through its development cooperation programmes, Italy funded projects aimed at alleviating poverty, improving healthcare, and bolstering education across the continent. The Italian Cooperation’s work in the Sahel region, in particular, underscored a commitment to aiding some of Africa’s most impoverished communities.
Silvio Berlusconi’s legacy in Africa is an amalgam of economic engagement, diplomatic interplay, and humanitarian commitment, albeit tinged with controversy. As the world bids farewell to this political colossus, it is imperative to remember that his influence extended beyond the borders of Italy and Europe. The resonance of his decisions and actions will continue to be felt on the shores of Africa for years to come.
Credit: AP Photo/Andrew Medichini
