After nearly two decades of service, the United Nations stabilisation mission in Congo (MONUSCO) is preparing to withdraw its 15,000 peacekeepers from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). This decision, marked by a deal between the Congolese foreign minister and MONUSCO’s head, signals the end of a collaboration that has had mixed success in restoring peace in the conflict-ridden eastern Congo.
MONUSCO, one of the most extensive and complex UN peacekeeping missions, has faced significant operational challenges amid the DRC’s ongoing instability and allegations of misconduct. The mission’s mandate has evolved over the years, adjusting to the shifting dynamics of conflict in the region, including direct attacks from various rebel groups.
Despite efforts in nation-building and enhancing the capacity of local institutions like the police and military, considerable challenges remain. Issues such as language barriers, professional proficiency of UN staff, and difficulties in effectively communicating with local populations have hindered the mission’s efficacy.
The withdrawal of MONUSCO raises serious concerns about the potential creation of a power vacuum. The UN’s role in limiting rebel activities and supporting state entities has been crucial, despite the mission’s vulnerabilities. The DRC government’s desire for a prompt withdrawal might lead to a deterioration in security and stability, as the nation’s ability to maintain order in the absence of UN forces remains questionable.
The future of the DRC post-MONUSCO withdrawal presents a scenario filled with uncertainty. There are risks of increased influence from non-state and foreign state actors, particularly in the mineral-rich eastern regions of the DRC. The international community’s response and support in this transition period will be critical in determining the DRC’s path towards stability and security.
Image Credit: Monusco
