Europe, in its quest for energy independence following the Ukraine crisis, is looking south to North Africa. It’s undeniable: solar panels, when placed in sun-rich North Africa, produce up to three times more energy than in the European continent. With space aplenty in the sprawling landscapes of North Africa compared to the densely populated Europe, the region provides an enticing opportunity for renewable energy production.
However, Europe’s ‘outsourcing’ of its energy needs raises significant concerns. As vast solar farms begin to spread across the Saharan landscape, there is a looming threat to fragile desert ecosystems, jeopardising livestock pastures and possibly disturbing the ancient ways of nomadic tribes. Critics argue that Europe’s energy solutions should not come at the expense of African communities and their environment, especially when there’s limited evidence of local consultation or environmental impact assessments.
Morocco, another North African nation with burgeoning renewable energy potential, is also on Europe’s radar. But the collaboration isn’t limited to direct energy exports. For nations farther afield, hydrogen, a potential ‘green’ energy carrier, can bridge the gap. Europe’s intent isn’t merely extractional: the EU-Africa energy partnership and other initiatives like the EU-Egypt Renewable Hydrogen Partnership aim for a symbiotic relationship, focusing on affordable energy, sustainable energy services, and promoting energy efficiency.
The irony, however, is glaring. Despite Africa being home to some of the world’s richest sustainable energy resources, approximately 600 million of its inhabitants live without electricity. Herein lies a unique opportunity. By prioritising energy access, both Africa and Europe can usher in socio-economic benefits while maintaining environmental integrity. The “Towards a comprehensive Strategy with Africa” Communication emphasises a partnership rooted in environmental responsibility, aligning with the Paris Agreement’s objectives.
The upcoming Africa-EU Green Energy Initiative under the Global Gateway Investment Package further cements the intertwined futures of the two continents. With three pillars – expanding energy access, bolstering investments in renewable energy, and promoting energy efficiency – the initiative aspires to transform Africa’s energy landscape.
Indeed, with the falling costs of renewable technologies, Africa is poised to become a global renewable energy powerhouse. But as Europe pursues this energy collaboration, it is imperative to ensure a balance. African communities and environments should benefit, not suffer, from these developments. The onus is on public and private sectors to ensure responsible, sustainable growth, addressing not just Europe’s energy security but also the socio-economic aspirations and environmental conservation needs of Africa.
Image Credit: Andreas Gücklhorn on Unsplash
